What you’ll find in this section of the website
In this section, you’ll find an overview of the evolution of digital learning from web 1.0 through web 2.0 to web 3.0 (including the concept of the geospatial web along with augmented reality and virtual reality, and the concept of the semantic web along with generative AI), as well as mobile learning (which overlaps to some extent with the above topics).
Under each of the four major phases – web 1.0, web 2.0, web 3.0 and mobile learning – there are succinct accounts of the associated digital tools and techniques. The page about each tool/technique typically contains an overview of the relationship of the tool/technique to the relevant phase or phases of web-enabled learning and mobile learning, followed by details such as what the tool/technique is used for; why it is relevant to education; examples of educational uses; where it can be found or set up; particular implications for mobile learning; variations on and extensions of the basic tool/technique; and any significant risks which should be considered.
Last update: February 2026.
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